Transversals, duality, and irrational rotation

DOI10.1090/BTRAN/54MaRDI QIDQ5853602zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Anna Duwenig, Heath Emerson

Publication date 11 March 2021

Published in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.00079

zbMATH Keywords

\(KK\)-theoryirrational rotation algebraMorita equivalencenoncommutative torusPoincaré dualityunbounded \(KK\)-cycles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Kasparov theory ((KK)-theory) (19K35) (C^*)-modules (46L08) Noncommutative geometry (à la Connes) (58B34)

Abstract: An early result of Noncommutative Geometry was Connes' observation in the 1980's that the Dirac-Dolbeault cycle for the $2$-torus $mathbb{T}^2$, which induces a Poincar'e self-duality for $mathbb{T}^2$, can be 'quantized' to give a spectral triple and a K-homology class in $K{K}_0(A_{h}etaotimes{A}_{h}eta,mathbbC)$ providing the co-unit for a Poincar'e self-duality for the irrational rotation algebra $A_{h}eta$ for any $hetainmathbbRsetminusmathbbQ$. This spectral triple has been extensively studied since. Connes' proof, however, relied on a K-theory computation and does not supply a representative cycle for the unit of this duality. Since such representatives are vital in applications of duality, we supply such a cycle in unbounded form in this article. Our approach is to construct, for any non-trivial element $g$ of the modular group, a finitely generated projective module $mathcal{L}_g$ over $A_{h}etaotimes{A}_{h}eta$ by using a reduction-to-a-transversal argument of Muhly, Renault, and Williams, applied to a pair of Kronecker foliations along lines of slope $heta$ and $g(heta)$, using the fact that these flows are transverse to each other. We then compute Connes' dual of $[mathcal{L}_g]$ for $g$ upper triangular, and prove that we obtain an invertible in $K{K}_0(A_{h}eta,A_{h}eta)$, represented by what one might regard as a noncommutative bundle of Dirac-Schr"odinger operators. An application of $mathbbZ$-equivariant Bott Periodicity proves that twisting the module by the family gives the requisite spectral cycle for the unit, thus proving self-duality for $A_{h}eta$ with both unit and co-unit represented by spectral cycles.

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Cited in

(5)

• Irrational rotations and differentiability
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• Quadratic rational rotations of the torus and dual lattice maps
• A geometric representative for the fundamental class in KK-duality of Smale spaces
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