Quantum symmetry groups of noncommutative spheres
By using \(C^*\) deformation of \textit{M. A. Rieffel} [Deformation quantization for actions of \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 506 Soc. (1993; Zbl 0798.46053)], the noncommutative spheres \(\mathbb{S}_\theta^{2l}\) of \textit{A. Connes} and \textit{G. Landi} [Commun. Math. Phys. 221, 141-159 (2001; Zbl 0997.81045)] are shown to be quantum homogeneous spaces for quantum groups, Rieffel's \(C^*\)-deformation of \(SO(2l+1)\) for \(l\geq 2\). This is shown as an application of a more general Theorem. For this purpose, noncommutative spheres of Connes and Landi are reviewed in Section 2 as solutions of equations for the Chern character. In Section 3, Rieffel's \(C^*\)-deformation theory is reviewed. The \(C^*\)-deformation of \(C^\infty(M)\), \(M\) a compact Riemannian manifold carries an isometric action of the torus \(\mathbb{T}^l\), \(l\geq 2\), is built taking a skew-symmetric \(l\times l\) matrix \(J\) and introducing a generalization of the Moyal product for the elements of \(C^*(M)\) by using \(J\). Its completion by Rieffel's metric is the \(C^*\)-deformed algebra \(A_J\). In Section 4, this construction is applied to a compact Lie group \(G\). In this case, \(\mathbb{T}^l\) is a closed abelian subgroup \(H\) of \(G\). \(J\) is a skewsymmetric matrix acting on \({\mathfrak h}\oplus {\mathfrak h}\), where \({\mathfrak h}\) is the Lie algebra of \(H\). To quantize group structure of \(G\), \(J\) is assumed to be of type \(Q\oplus (-Q)\), \(Q\) a skewsymmetric matrix. Then \(A_J\) is shown to be a compact quantum group in the sense of [\textit{S. Woronowicz} [Symétries quantiques, Les Houches, 1995, 845-884 (1998; Zbl 0997.46045)]. The \(C^*\)-deformation of a homogeneous space \(G/K\), \(K\) a closed subgroup of \(G\) containing \(H\), is treated in Section 5, and it is shown that the \(C^*\)-deformation of \(G/K\) is an embedded homogeneous space of the compact quantum group \(A_J\) (Section 5, Theorem 1). Taking \(G=SO(2l+1)\), \(K=SO(2l)\) and \(H\simeq \mathbb{T}^l\), the first mentioned fact follows. In Section 6, the spectral triple associated with the \(C^*\)-deformation of \(G/K\) is discussed and the author remarks that when applied to quantum field theory, the above constructed deformation never softens the ultraviolet divergence.
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