Determination of the biquaternion divisors of zero, including the idempotents and nilpotents.

DOI10.1007/S00006-010-0202-3zbMATH Open1243.16019arXiv0812.1102OpenAlexW2169330725WikidataQ56482065 ScholiaQ56482065MaRDI QIDQ5962210FDOQ5962210

Stephen J. Sangwine, Daniel Alfsmann

Publication date: 21 September 2010

Published in: Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The biquaternion (complexified quaternion) algebra contains idempotents (elements whose square remains unchanged) and nilpotents (elements whose square vanishes). It also contains divisors of zero (elements with vanishing norm). The idempotents and nilpotents are subsets of the divisors of zero. These facts have been reported in the literature, but remain obscure through not being gathered together using modern notation and terminology. Explicit formulae for finding all the idempotents, nilpotents and divisors of zero appear not to be available in the literature, and we rectify this with the present paper. Using several different representations for biquaternions, we present simple formulae for the idempotents, nilpotents and divisors of zero, and we show that the complex components of a biquaternion divisor of zero must have a sum of squares that vanishes, and that this condition is equivalent to two conditions on the inner product of the real and imaginary parts of the biquaternion, and the equality of the norms of the real and imaginary parts. We give numerical examples of nilpotents, idempotents and other divisors of zero. Finally, we conclude with a statement about the composition of the set of biquaternion divisors of zero, and its subsets, the idempotents and the nilpotents.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0812.1102

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zbMATH Keywords

idempotentsnilpotent elementszero divisorsbiquaternionscomplexified quaternions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quaternion and other division algebras: arithmetic, zeta functions (11R52) Separable algebras (e.g., quaternion algebras, Azumaya algebras, etc.) (16H05)

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• Polar decomposition of complexified quaternions and octonions
• A decomposition method for solving quaternion differential equations
• On complex Fibonacci quaternions
• Fundamental representations and algebraic properties of biquaternions or complexified quaternions
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• Matrices over Quaternion Algebras
• Biquaternion extensions of analytic functions
• On a quaternionic Picard theorem

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