Weak extinction versus global exponential growth of total mass for superdiffusions

principal eigenvalue superdiffusion Kato class superprocess total mass measure-valued process growth bound \(h\)-transform gauge theorem weak extinction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Diffusion processes (60J60) Random measures (60G57) Branching processes (Galton-Watson, birth-and-death, etc.) (60J80) Probabilistic potential theory (60J45) Superprocesses (60J68)

Abstract: Consider a superdiffusion

X

on

m a t h b b R^{d}

corresponding to the semilinear operator

where

L

is a second order elliptic operator,

is in the Kato class and bounded from above, and

k (c d o t) g e 0

is bounded on compact subsets of

R^{d}

and is positive on a set of positive Lebesgue measure. The main purpose of this paper is to complement the results obtained in cite{Englander:2004}, in the following sense. Let

l a m b d a_{i} n f t y

be the

L^{i} n f t y

-growth bound of the semigroup corresponding to the Schr"odinger operator

. If

l a m b d a_{i} n f t y e q 0

, then we prove that, in some sense, the exponential growth/decay rate of

| X_{t} |

, the total mass of

X_{t}

, is

l a m b d a_{i} n f t y

. We also describe the limiting behavior of

e x p (- l a m b d a_{i} n f t y t) | X_{t} |

in these cases. This should be compared to the result in cite{Englander:2004}, which says that the generalized principal eigenvalue

l a m b d a_{2}

of the operator gives the rate of {it local} growth when it is positive, and implies local extinction otherwise. It is easy to show that

l a m b d a_{i n f t y} g e l a m b d a_{2}

, and we discuss cases when

l a m b d a_{i n f t y} > l a m b d a_{2}

and when

l a m b d a_{i n f t y} = l a m b d a_{2}

. When

l a m b d a_{i} n f t y = 0

, and under some conditions on

, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for the superdiffusion

X

to exhibit weak extinction. We show that the branching intensity

k

affects weak extinction; this should be compared to the known result that

k

does not affect weak {it local} extinction (which only depends on the sign of

l a m b d a_{2}

, and which turns out to be equivalent to local extinction) of

X

.

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