Horizontal gradient of polynomial functions for the standard Engel structure on R^4

Abstract: We investigate the set

V_{f}

of horizontal critical points of a polynomial function

f

for the standard Engel structure defined by the 1-forms

o m e g a_{3} = d x_{3} - x_{1} d x_{2},

o m e g a_{4} = d x_{4} - x_{3} d x_{2}

, endowed with the sub-Riemannian metric

g_{S R} = d x_{1}^{2} + d x_{2}^{2}

. For a generic polynomial, we show that the intersection of any fiber of

f

and

V_{f}

does not contain a horizontal curve. Then we prove that each trajectory of the horizontal gradient of

f

approaching the set

V_{f}

has a limit.

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