On Kato's smoothing effect for a fractional version of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation

DOI10.3934/DCDS.2023002MaRDI QIDQ6041081zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors A. Mendez

Publication date 25 May 2023

Published in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04180

zbMATH Keywords

regularitysmoothing effecthalf spacesfractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Fourier integral operators applied to PDEs (35S30) Motion of charged particles (78A35) Waves and radiation in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A40) Pseudodifferential operators as generalizations of partial differential operators (35S05) Hydro- and aero-acoustics (76Q05) Ionized gas flow in electromagnetic fields; plasmic flow (76X05)

Abstract: In this work we study some regularity properties associated to the initial value problem (IVP) �egin{equation}label{main1} left{ �egin{array}{ll} partial_{t}u-partial_{x_{1}}(-Delta)^{alpha/2} u+upartial_{x_{1}}u=0, quad 0< alphaleq 2,& \ u(x,0)=u_{0}(x),quad x=(x_{1},x_{2},dots,x_{n})in mathbb{R}^{n},, ngeq 2,quad tinmathbb{R},& \ end{array} ight. end{equation} where $(-Delta{)}^{alpha/2}$ denotes the $n-$dimensional fractional Laplacian. We show that solutions to the IVP (0.1) with initial data in a suitable Sobolev space exhibit a local smoothing effect in the spatial variable of $fracalpha2$ derivatives, almost everywhere in time. One of the main difficulties that emerge when trying to obtain this regularizing effect underlies that the operator in consideration is non-local, and the property we are trying to describe is local, so new ideas are required. Nevertheless, to avoid these problems, we use a perturbation argument replacing $(-Delta{)}^{fracalpha2}$ by $(I-Delta{)}^{fracalpha2},$ that through the use of pseudo-differential calculus allows us to show that solutions become locally smoother by $fracalpha2$ of a derivative in all spatial directions. As a by-product, we use this particular smoothing effect to show that the extra regularity of the initial data on some distinguished subsets of the Euclidean space is propagated by the flow solution with infinity speed.

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Cited in

(2)

• The generalized fractional KdV equation in weighted Sobolev spaces
• On decay properties for solutions of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation

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