On Kato's smoothing effect for a fractional version of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation

DOI10.3934/DCDS.2023002zbMATH Open1514.35423arXiv2207.04180OpenAlexW4319991477MaRDI QIDQ6041081FDOQ6041081

Authors: A. Mendez 

Publication date: 25 May 2023

Published in: Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this work we study some regularity properties associated to the initial value problem (IVP) �egin{equation}label{main1} left{ �egin{array}{ll} partial_{t}u-partial_{x_{1}}(-Delta)^{alpha/2} u+upartial_{x_{1}}u=0, quad 0< alphaleq 2,& \ u(x,0)=u_{0}(x),quad x=(x_{1},x_{2},dots,x_{n})in mathbb{R}^{n},, ngeq 2,quad tinmathbb{R},& \ end{array} ight. end{equation} where $(-Delta{)}^{alpha/2}$ denotes the $n-$dimensional fractional Laplacian. We show that solutions to the IVP (0.1) with initial data in a suitable Sobolev space exhibit a local smoothing effect in the spatial variable of $fracalpha2$ derivatives, almost everywhere in time. One of the main difficulties that emerge when trying to obtain this regularizing effect underlies that the operator in consideration is non-local, and the property we are trying to describe is local, so new ideas are required. Nevertheless, to avoid these problems, we use a perturbation argument replacing $(-Delta{)}^{fracalpha2}$ by $(I-Delta{)}^{fracalpha2},$ that through the use of pseudo-differential calculus allows us to show that solutions become locally smoother by $fracalpha2$ of a derivative in all spatial directions. As a by-product, we use this particular smoothing effect to show that the extra regularity of the initial data on some distinguished subsets of the Euclidean space is propagated by the flow solution with infinity speed.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04180

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zbMATH Keywords

regularitysmoothing effecthalf spacesfractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Fourier integral operators applied to PDEs (35S30) Motion of charged particles (78A35) Waves and radiation in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A40) Pseudodifferential operators as generalizations of partial differential operators (35S05) Hydro- and aero-acoustics (76Q05) Ionized gas flow in electromagnetic fields; plasmic flow (76X05)

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Cited In (2)

• The generalized fractional KdV equation in weighted Sobolev spaces
• On decay properties for solutions of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation

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