Complementarity and the unitarity of the black hole S-matrix

DOI10.1007/JHEP02(2023)233MaRDI QIDQ6041753zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Isaac Kim, John Preskill

Publication date 12 May 2023

Published in Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.00194

zbMATH Keywords

black holesmodels of quantum gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

Abstract: Recently, Akers et al. proposed a non-isometric holographic map from the interior of a black hole to its exterior. Within this model, we study properties of the black hole $S$-matrix, which are in principle accessible to observers who stay outside the black hole. Specifically, we investigate a scenario in which an infalling agent interacts with radiation both outside and inside the black hole. Because the holographic map involves postselection, the unitarity of the $S$-matrix is not guaranteed in this scenario, but we find that unitarity is satisfied to very high precision if suitable conditions are met. If the internal black hole dynamics is described by a pseudorandom unitary transformation, and if the operations performed by the infaller have computational complexity scaling polynomially with the black hole entropy, then the $S$-matrix is unitary up to corrections that are superpolynomially small in the black hole entropy. Furthermore, while in principle quantum computation assisted by postselection can be very powerful, we find under similar assumptions that the $S$-matrix of an evaporating black hole has polynomial computational complexity.

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Cited in

(6)

• Non-isometric codes for the black hole Interior from fundamental and effective dynamics
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5203978 (Why is no real title available?)
• Bulk reconstruction and non-isometry in the backwards-forwards holographic black hole map
• A holographic model for black hole complementarity
• The holographic map of an evaporating black hole
• Tensor networks for black hole interiors: non-isometries, quantum extremal surfaces, and wormholes

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