Test vectors for trilinear forms when at least one representation is not supercuspidal

DOI10.1007/S00229-010-0382-0MaRDI QIDQ604240zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 November 2010

Published in Manuscripta Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1005.0724

supercuspidal representations test vectors trilinear forms

Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields (11F70) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50)

Abstract: Given three irreducible, admissible, infinite dimensional complex representations of GL2(F), with F a local field, the space of trilinear functionals invariant by the group has dimension at most one. When it is one we provide an explicit vector on which the functional does not vanish assuming that not all three representations are supercuspidal.

Review text

Let \(G\) be \(\text{GL}_2(F)\) where \(F\) is a non-Archimedean local field with uniformizer \(\overline\omega\). We define \[ I_n=\left\{\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\\overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix}\in G:a,d\in{\mathcal O}^\times; b,d\in{\mathcal O}\right\}. \] For \(i= 1,2,3\), let \(V_i\) be an irreducible admissible infinite-dimensional representation of \(G\) with central character \(\omega_i\). Let \(n_i\) be the smallest integer \(n\) such that \[ \left\{v\in V_i:\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\\overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix} v= \omega_i(d) v,\;\forall\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\ \overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix}\in I_n\right\} \] is nonzero. A nonzero vector in this subspace is called a new vector of \(V_i\) and the integer \(n_i\) is called its conductor. It is a result of Prasad that \[ \Hom_G(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3, \mathbb C) \] is at most one-dimensional [\textit{D. Prasad}, Compos. Math. 75, No. 1, 1--46 (1990; Zbl 0731.22013)]. It is nonzero if and only if some epsilon factor \(\varepsilon(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3)= 1\). If a non-zero functional exists, then it is called a trilinear form on \(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3\). Let \(l\) denote a non-zero trilinear form. The question that this paper wants to address is to find a vector \(v= v_1\otimes v_2\otimes v_3\in\bigotimes^3_{i=1} V_i\) such that \(l(v)\neq 0\). Such a vector \(v\) is called a (pure) test vector. Test vectors play an important role in the study of \(L\)-functions of triple products of automorphic representations of \(\text{GL}(2)\). The main result is as follows: Suppose at least one \(V_i\) is not supercuspidal and a nonzero trilinear form exists on \(\otimes V_i\). By replacing each \(V_i\) with \(V_i\otimes\eta_i\) where \(\eta_i\) is a character of \(G\), we suppose that the \(V_i\)'s attain a condition known as minimal. See Definition 1 in the paper for the definition of minimal. Suppose the conductors satisfy \(n_1,n_2\leq n_3\). If two of the \(n_i\)'s are the same, we further assume that the third \(V_i\) is an unramified principal series representation. Then the main theorem states that \(v_1\otimes\gamma^{n_3- n_2} v_2\otimes v_3\) and \(\gamma^{n_3- n_1} v_1\otimes v_2\otimes v_3\) are both test vectors.

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