Stable centres of wreath products

Center, normalizer (invariant elements) (associative rings and algebras) (16U70) Extensions, wreath products, and other compositions of groups (20E22) Representations of finite symmetric groups (20C30)

Abstract: A result of Farahat and Higman shows that there is a ``universal algebra, $m a t h r m F H$ , interpolating the centres of symmetric group algebras, $Z (m a t h b b Z S_{n})$ . We explain that this algebra is isomorphic to $m a t h c a l R o t i m e s L a m b d a$ , where $m a t h c a l R$ is the ring of integer-valued polynomials and $L a m b d a$ is the ring of symmetric functions. Moreover, the isomorphism is via ``evaluation at Jucys-Murphy elements, which leads to character formulae for symmetric groups. Then, we generalise this result to wreath products

G a m m a w r S_{n}

of a fixed finite group

G a m m a

. This involves constructing wreath-product versions

m a t h c a l R_{G} a m m a

and

L a m b d a (G a m m a_{*})

of

m a t h c a l R

and

L a m b d a

, respectively, which are interesting in their own right (for example, both are Hopf algebras). We show that the universal algebra for wreath products,

m a t h r m {F H}_{G} a m m a

, is isomorphic to

m a t h c a l R_{G} a m m a o t i m e s L a m b d a (G a m m a_{*})

and use this to compute the

p

-blocks of wreath products.

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