Globally hypoelliptic triangularizable systems of periodic pseudo‐differential operators

Abstract: This article presents an investigation on the global hypoellipticity problem for systems belonging to the class

P = D_{t} + Q (t, D_{x})

, where

Q (t, D_{x})

is a

m i m e s m

matrix with entries

c_{j, k} (t) Q_{j, k} (D_{x})

. The coefficients

c_{j, k} (t)

are smooth, complex-valued functions on the torus

m a t h b b T s i m e q m a t h b b R / 2 p i m a t h b b Z

and

Q_{j, k} (D_{x})

are pseudo-differential operators on

m a t h b b T^{n}

. The approach consists in establishing conditions on the matrix symbol

Q (t, x i)

such that it can be transformed into a suitable triangular form

L a m b d a (t, x i) + m a t h c a l N (t, x i)

, where

L a m b d a (t, x i)

is the diagonal matrix

d i a g (l a m b d a_{1} (t, x i) l d o t s l a m b d a_{m} (t, x i))

and

m a t h c a l N (t, x i)

is a nilpotent upper triangular matrix. Hence, the global hypoellipticity of

P

is studied by analyzing the behavior of the eigenvalues

l a m b d a_{j} (t, x i)

and its averages

l a m b d a_{0, j} (x i)

, as

| x i | o i n f t y

.

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