A fourth‐moment phenomenon for asymptotic normality of monochromatic subgraphs

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DOI10.1002/RSA.21166MaRDI QIDQ6063347zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Sayan Kumar Das, Zoe M. Himwich, Nitya Mani

Publication date 7 November 2023

Published in Random Structures \& Algorithms (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.04285

zbMATH Keywords

birthday problem fourth moment theorem graph coloring martingale central limit theorem rates of convergence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs (05C15) Combinatorial probability (60C05) Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05)

Abstract: Given a graph sequence

{G_{n}}_{n g e 1}

and a simple connected subgraph

H

, we denote by

T (H, G_{n})

the number of monochromatic copies of

H

in a uniformly random vertex coloring of

G_{n}

with

c g e 2

colors. In this article, we prove a central limit theorem for

T (H, G_{n})

with explicit error rates. The error rates arise from graph counts of collections formed by joining copies of

H

that we call good joins. Counts of good joins are closely related to the fourth moment of a normalized version of

T (H, G_{n})

, and that connection allows us to show a fourth moment phenomenon for the central limit theorem. Precisely, for

c g e 30

, we show that

T (H, G_{n})

(appropriately centered and rescaled) converges in distribution to

m a t h c a l N (0, 1)

whenever its fourth moment converges to 3 (the fourth moment of the standard normal distribution). We show the convergence of the fourth moment is necessary to obtain a normal limit when

c g e 2

. The combination of these results implies that the fourth moment condition characterizes the limiting normal distribution of

T (H, G_{n})

for all subgraphs

H

, whenever

c g e 30

.

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