Locally compact, _1-compact spaces

DOI10.1016/J.APAL.2023.103324MaRDI QIDQ6073902zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Peter Nyikos, Lyubomyr Zdomskyy

Publication date 12 October 2023

Published in Annals of Pure and Applied Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.03906

zbMATH Keywords

locally compact spacecountably compact spacenormal spacePID\( \omega_1\)-compact space\( \sigma \)-countably compact space

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Special maps on topological spaces (open, closed, perfect, etc.) (54C10) Consistency and independence results (03E35) Consistency and independence results in general topology (54A35) Extensions of spaces (compactifications, supercompactifications, completions, etc.) (54D35) Local compactness, (sigma)-compactness (54D45) Higher separation axioms (completely regular, normal, perfectly or collectionwise normal, etc.) (54D15)

Abstract: An $omeg{a}_1$-compact space is a space in which every closed discrete subspace is countable. We give various general conditions under which a locally compact, $omeg{a}_1$-compact space is $sigma$-countably compact, i.e., the union of countably many countably compact spaces. These conditions involve very elementary properties. Many results shown here are independent of the usual (ZFC) axioms of set theory, and the consistency of some may involve large cardinals. For example, it is independent of the ZFC axioms whether every locally compact, $omeg{a}_1$-compact space of cardinality $alep{h}_1$ is $sigma$-countably compact. Whether $alep{h}_1$ can be replaced with $alep{h}_2$ is a difficult unsolved problem. Modulo large cardinals, it is also ZFC-independent whether every hereditarily normal, or every monotonically normal, locally compact, $omeg{a}_1$-compact space is $sigma$-countably compact. As a result, it is also ZFC-independent whether there is a locally compact, $omeg{a}_1$-compact Dowker space of cardinality $alep{h}_1$, or one that does not contain both an uncountable closed discrete subspace and a copy of the ordinal space $omeg{a}_1$. Set theoretic tools used for the consistency results include the existence of a Souslin tree, the Proper Forcing Axiom (PFA), and models generically referred to as ``MM(S)[S]. Most of the work is one by the $P$-Ideal Dichotomy (PID) axiom, which holds in the latter two cases, and which requires no large cardinal axioms when directly applied to topological spaces of cardinality $alep{h}_1$, as it is in several theorems.

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