Characterization of functions with zero traces via the distance function and Lorentz spaces

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DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2023.127567MaRDI QIDQ6074489OpenAlexFDO

Authors Aleš Nekvinda, Hana Turčinová

Publication date 19 September 2023

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.13486

zbMATH Keywords

Sobolev spaces distance function Lorentz spaces zero traces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35)

Abstract: Consider a regular domain

O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{N}

and let

d (x) = o p e r a t o r n a m e d i s t (x, p a r t i a l O m e g a)

. Denote

L_{a}^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

the space of functions from

L^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

having absolutely continuous quasinorms. This set is essentially smaller than

L^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

but, at the same time, essentially larger than a union of all

L^{1, q} (O m e g a)

,

q i n [1, i n f t y)

. A classical result of late 1980's states that for

p i n (1, i n f t y)

and

m i n m a t h b b N

,

u

belongs to the Sobolev space

W_{0}^{m, p} (O m e g a)

if and only if

u / d^{m} i n L^{p} (O m e g a)

and

l e f t | a b l a^{m} u i g h t | i n L^{p} (O m e g a)

. During the consequent decades, several authors have spent considerable effort in order to relax the characterizing condition. Recently, it was proved that

u i n W_{0}^{m, p} (O m e g a)

if and only if

u / d^{m} i n L^{1} (O m e g a)

and

l e f t | a b l a^{m} u i g h t | i n L^{p} (O m e g a)

. In this paper we show that for

N g e q 1

and

p i n (1, i n f t y)

we have

u i n W_{0}^{1, p} (O m e g a)

if and only if

u / d i n L_{a}^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

and

l e f t | a b l a u i g h t | i n L^{p} (O m e g a)

. Moreover, we present a counterexample which demonstrates that after relaxing the condition

u / d i n L_{a}^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

to

u / d i n L^{1, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

the equivalence no longer holds.

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