Rigorous derivation of the Efimov effect in a simple model

DOI10.1007/S11005-023-01734-3MaRDI QIDQ6084863zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Davide Fermi, Daniele Ferretti, Alessandro Teta

Publication date 2 December 2023

Published in Letters in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12157

zbMATH Keywords

Efimov effectthree-body Hamiltonianszero-range interactions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of functional analysis in quantum physics (46N50) Three-body problems (70F07) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Perturbation theories for operators and differential equations in quantum theory (81Q15)

Abstract: We consider a system of three identical bosons in $mathbb{R}^3$ with two-body zero-range interactions and a three-body hard-core repulsion of a given radius $a>0$. Using a quadratic form approach we prove that the corresponding Hamiltonian is self-adjoint and bounded from below for any value of $a$. In particular this means that the hard-core repulsion is sufficient to prevent the fall to the center phenomenon found by Minlos and Faddeev in their seminal work on the three-body problem in 1961. Furthermore, in the case of infinite two-body scattering length, also known as unitary limit, we prove the Efimov effect, emph{i.e.}, we show that the Hamiltonian has an infinite sequence of negative eigenvalues $E_n$ accumulating at zero and fulfilling the asymptotic geometrical law $;E_{n+1}/E_n;o;e^{-frac2pi{s}_0},;,extfor,;no+infty$ holds, where $s_{0}approx1.00624$.

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