Nondegeneracy and integral count of frozen planet orbits in helium

DOI10.2140/TUNIS.2023.5.713arXiv2209.12634MaRDI QIDQ6084971FDOQ6084971

Authors: K. Cieliebak, Urs Frauenfelder, E. Volkov 

Publication date: 2 December 2023

Published in: Tunisian Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study a family of action functionals whose critical points interpolate between frozen planet orbits for the helium atom with mean interaction between the electrons and the free fall. The rather surprising first result of this paper asserts that for the whole family, critical points are always nondegenerate. This implies that the frozen planet orbit with mean interaction is nondegenerate and gives a new proof of its uniqueness. As an application, we show that the integral count of frozen planet orbits with instantaneous interaction equals one. For this, we prove orientability of the determinant line bundle over the space of selfadjoint Fredholm operators with spectrum bounded from below, and use it to define an integer valued Euler characteristic for Fredholm sections whose linearization belongs to this class.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.12634

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zbMATH Keywords

helium atomMorse indicesfrozen planet orbits

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles (14D20) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Critical points of functionals in context of PDEs (e.g., energy functionals) (35B38) Small divisors, rotation domains and linearization in holomorphic dynamics (37F50) Variational methods involving nonlinear operators (47J30) Atomic physics (81V45) Fredholm structures on infinite-dimensional manifolds (58B15)

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Cited In (3)

• A compactness theorem for Frozen planets
• A variational approach to frozen planet orbits in helium
• Shooting for collinear periodic orbits in the Helium model

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