Improved generalized raking estimators to address dependent covariate and failure‐time outcome error

DOI10.1002/BIMJ.202000187MaRDI QIDQ6091680zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bryan E. Shepherd, Thomas Lumley, Pamela A. Shaw

Publication date 27 November 2023

Published in Biometrical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.07480

zbMATH Keywords

electronic health recordsgeneralized rakingmeasurement errormisclassificationsurvival analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis (62P10)

Abstract: Biomedical studies that use electronic health records (EHR) data for inference are often subject to bias due to measurement error. The measurement error present in EHR data is typically complex, consisting of errors of unknown functional form in covariates and the outcome, which can be dependent. To address the bias resulting from such errors, generalized raking has recently been proposed as a robust method that yields consistent estimates without the need to model the error structure. We provide rationale for why these previously proposed raking estimators can be expected to be inefficient in failure-time outcome settings involving misclassification of the event indicator. We propose raking estimators that utilize multiple imputation, to impute either the target variables or auxiliary variables, to improve the efficiency. We also consider outcome-dependent sampling designs and investigate their impact on the efficiency of the raking estimators, either with or without multiple imputation. We present an extensive numerical study to examine the performance of the proposed estimators across various measurement error settings. We then apply the proposed methods to our motivating setting, in which we seek to analyze HIV outcomes in an observational cohort with electronic health records data from the Vanderbilt Comprehensive Care Clinic.

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Cited in

(4)

• Optimal multiwave validation of secondary use data with outcome and exposure misclassification
• Optimal sampling for design-based estimators of regression models
• Three-phase generalized raking and multiple imputation estimators to address error-prone data
• Ascertainment conditional maximum likelihood for continuous outcome under two-phase response-selective design

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