Recent Developments in Quantum‐Circuit Refrigeration

DOI10.1002/ANDP.202100543MaRDI QIDQ6092676zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gianluigi Catelani, Mikko Möttönen

Publication date 23 November 2023

Published in Annalen der Physik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.11234

zbMATH Keywords

circuit quantum electrodynamicsLamb shiftquantum environment engineeringquantum-circuit refrigeratorssuperconducting circuits

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

Abstract: We review the recent progress in direct active cooling of the quantum-electric degrees freedom in engineered circuits, or quantum-circuit refrigeration. In 2017, the invention of a quantum-circuit refrigerator (QCR) based on photon-assisted tunneling of quasiparticles through a normal-metal--insulator--superconductor junction inspired a series of experimental studies demonstrating the following main properties: (i) the direct-current (dc) bias voltage of the junction can change the QCR-induced damping rate of a superconducting microwave resonator by orders of magnitude and give rise to non-trivial Lamb shifts, (ii) the damping rate can be controlled in nanosecond time scales, and (iii) the dc bias can be replaced by a microwave excitation, the amplitude of which controls the induced damping rate. Theoretically, it is predicted that state-of-the-art superconducting resonators and qubits can be reset with an infidelity lower than $10^{-4}$ in tens of nanoseconds using experimentally feasible parameters. A QCR-equipped resonator has also been demonstrated as an incoherent photon source with an output temperature above one kelvin yet operating at millikelvin. This source has been used to calibrate cryogenic amplification chains. In the future, the QCR may be experimentally used to quickly reset superconducting qubits, and hence assist in the great challenge of building a practical quantum computer.

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Cited in

(1)

• The influence of quantum degeneracy and irreversibility on the performance of a Fermi quantum refrigeration cycle

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