Deformations of Yang-Baxter operators via n-Lie algebra cohomology

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2023.116331arXiv2207.13156OpenAlexW4386056945MaRDI QIDQ6094629FDOQ6094629

Authors: Mohamed Elhamdadi, Emanuele Zappala 

Publication date: 10 October 2023

Published in: Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce a cohomology theory of $n$-ary self-distributive objects in the tensor category of vector spaces that classifies their infinitesimal deformations. For $n$-ary self-distributive objects obtained from $n$-Lie algebras we show that ($n$-ary) Lie cohomology naturally injects in the self-distributive cohomology and we prove, under mild additional assumptions, that the map is an isomorphism of second cohomology groups. This shows that the self-distribuitve deformations are completely classified by the deformations of the Lie bracket. This theory has important applications in the study of Yang-Baxter operators as the self-distributive deformations determine nontrivial deformations of the Yang-Baxter operators derived from $n$-ary self-distributive structures. In particular, we show that there is a homomorphism from the second self-distributive cohomology to the second cohomology of the associated Yang-Baxter operator. Moreover, we prove that when the self-distributive structure is induced by a Lie algebra with trivial center, we get a monomorphism. We construct a deformation theory based on simultaneous deformations, where both the coalgebra and self-distributive structures are deformed simultaneously. We show that when the Lie algebra has nontrivial cohomology (e.g. for semi-simple Lie algebras) the simultaneous deformations might still be nontrivial, producing corresponding Yang-Baxter operator deformations. We provide examples and computations in low dimensions, and we completely characterize $2$-cocycles for the self-distributive objects obtained from all the nontrivial real Lie algebras of dimension $3$, i.e. the Bianchi I-IX, and all the nontrivial complex Lie algebras of dimension $3$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.13156

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Formal methods and deformations in algebraic geometry (14D15) Algebraic ergodic theory, cocycles, orbit equivalence, ergodic equivalence relations (37A20) (n)-body problems (70F10) Deformations and infinitesimal methods in commutative ring theory (13D10) Cohomology theory for linear algebraic groups (20G10) Groupoids (i.e. small categories in which all morphisms are isomorphisms) (20L05) Structure theory for Lie algebras and superalgebras (17B05) Epimorphisms, monomorphisms, special classes of morphisms, null morphisms (18A20) Matrix models and tensor models for quantum field theory (81T32) Yang-Baxter equations and Rota-Baxter operators (17B38)

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Cited In (4)

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• \(n\)-valued quandles and associated bialgebras
• Yang-baxter operators arising from (co)algebra structures
• Multiparameter deformations of the universal enveloping algebras of the simple Lie algebras A l for all l≥2 and the Yang–Baxter equation

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