Reconstruction of projective curves from the derived category

Fundamental constructions in algebraic geometry involving higher and derived categories (homotopical algebraic geometry, derived algebraic geometry, etc.) (14A30) Derived categories of sheaves, dg categories, and related constructions in algebraic geometry (14F08) Derived categories, triangulated categories (18G80)

Abstract: We prove that integral projective curves with Cohen-Macaulay singularities over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero are determined by their triangulated category of perfect complexes.This partially extends a theorem of Bondal and Orlov to the case of singular projective varieties, and in particular shows that all integral complex projective curves are determined by their category of perfect complexes

Review text

The main result of this paper (Theorem \(1.1\)) is a reconstruction theorem for integral projective curves, possibly with Cohen-Macaulay singularities, defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(0\). Namely, the author shows that if \(X\) and \(Y\) are two integral projective varieties of dimension \(1\) which are \textit{strictly} Cohen-Macaulay (i.e., there exists a point which is neither smooth nor Gorenstein), then \(X\) and \(Y\) are isomorphic if and only if the triangulated categories \(\operatorname{Perf}X\) and \(\operatorname{Perf}Y\) are triangulated equivalent, if and only if \(\operatorname{D}^{\operatorname{b}}(X)\) and \(\operatorname{D}^{\operatorname{b}}(Y)\) are triangulated equivalent. The proof, which represents the core of the paper, is comprised of two main parts. In the first one, the author classifies \textit{perfect zero-cycles} on a curve \(X\) -- i.e., a class of skyscraper sheaves which detect the support of complexes in \(\operatorname{D}^{\operatorname{b}}(X)\). He then proceeds to exploit perfect zero-cycles in order to show that any equivalence \(\operatorname{Perf}X\cong\operatorname{Perf}Y\) (which has to be a Fourier-Mukai transform, thanks to a result by \textit{D. Orlov} [J. Math. Sci., New York 84, No. 5, 1361--1381 (1997; Zbl 0938.14019)]) has to preserve the structure sheaves of closed points up to a shift. In this case, Lemma \(2.7\) allows to completely characterize the kernel of the Fourier-Mukai transform and deduce the existence of an equivalence of varieties \(X\cong Y\). Reconstruction theorems were already proved for the case of regular curves with either ample or anti-ample canonical bundle [\textit{A. Bondal} and \textit{D. Orlov}, Compos. Math. 125, No. 3, 327--344 (2001; Zbl 0994.18007)], complex elliptic curves [\textit{M. Bernardara}, C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 345, No. 4, 203--208 (2007; Zbl 1151.14023)], curves with Gorenstein singularities with either ample or anti-ample dualizing bundle [\textit{M. R. Ballard}, Adv. Math. 227, No. 2, 895--919 (2011; Zbl 1213.14031)], and complex Gorenstein curves with arithmetic genus \(1\) [\textit{A. C. López Martín}, J. Geom. Phys. 83, 36--42 (2014; Zbl 1307.14021)]. Since integral curves are at least Cohen-Macaulay, this paper provides the last tool required in order to deduce that the derived category, even without its monoidal structure, is a complete invariant for \textit{all} integral complex projective curves.

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Relative singular twisted Bondal-Orlov
A note on semiorthogonal indecomposability of some Cohen-Macaulay varieties
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Exposé Bourbaki 1175 : Reconstructing a variety from its topology (after Kollár, building on earlier work of Lieblich, Olsson)
Derived categories of sheaves on singular schemes with an application to reconstruction
[[:Publication:5495285|Reconstruction of a variety from \(\mathcal{O}\hbar\)-modules]]

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