-factorials of n

Publication date 16 December 2010

Published in The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.1339, https://eudml.org/doc/227089, http://www.emis.de/journals/EJC/Volume_17/Abstracts/v17i1r169.html

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zbMATH Keywords

Hermite polynomial Bell polynomial derangement \(\lambda \)-factorial of \(n\)charlier polynomial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Permutations, words, matrices (05A05) Trees (05C05) Umbral calculus (05A40) Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics (05A19)

Abstract: Recently, by the Riordan's identity related to tree enumerations, �egin{eqnarray*} sum_{k=0}^{n}�inom{n}{k}(k+1)!(n+1)^{n-k} &=& (n+1)^{n+1}, end{eqnarray*} Sun and Xu derived another analogous one, �egin{eqnarray*} sum_{k=0}^{n}�inom{n}{k}D_{k+1}(n+1)^{n-k} &=& n^{n+1}, end{eqnarray*} where

D_{k}

is the number of permutations with no fixed points on

1, 2, d o t s, k

. In the paper, we utilize the

l a m b d a

-factorials of

n

, defined by Eriksen, Freij and W

d d o t a

stlund, to give a unified generalization of these two identities. We provide for it a combinatorial proof by the functional digraph theory and another two algebraic proofs. Using the umbral representation of our generalized identity and the Abel's binomial formula, we deduce several properties for

l a m b d a

-factorials of

n

and establish the curious relations between the generating functions of general and exponential types for any sequence of numbers or polynomials.

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