Multicyclic norias: a first-transition approach to extreme values of the currents

DOI10.1007/S10955-024-03236-5MaRDI QIDQ6131240zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matteo Polettini, Izaak Neri

Publication date 4 April 2024

Published in Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.02888

zbMATH Keywords

extreme value statisticseffective affinitystatistical mechanics of irreversible phenomena

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Equilibrium statistical mechanics (82Bxx) Time-dependent statistical mechanics (dynamic and nonequilibrium) (82Cxx) Markov processes (60Jxx)

Abstract: Processes far from equilibrium defy a statistical characterization in terms of simple thermodynamic quantities, such as Boltzmann's formula at equilibrium. Here, for continuous-time Markov chains on a finite state space, we find that the probability $mathfrak{f}_{-}$ of the current along a transition to ever become negative can be expressed in terms of the effective affinity $F(>0)$, an entropic measure of dissipation as estimated by an observer that only monitors that specific transition. In particular for cyclic processes we find $mathfrak{f}_{-}=exp-F$, which generalizes the concept of mesoscopic noria and is reminiscent of Boltzmann's formula. We then compare different estimators of the effective affinity, arguing that stopping problems may be best in assessing the nonequilibrium nature of a system. The results are based on a constructive first-transition time approach.

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