The persistent topology of optimal transport based metric thickenings

DOI10.2140/AGT.2024.24.393MaRDI QIDQ6131559zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Henry Adams, Facundo Mémoli, Michael Moy, Qing-song Wang

Publication date 5 April 2024

Published in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.15061

zbMATH Keywords

persistent homologyoptimal transportmetric thickeningFréchet variance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Persistent homology and applications, topological data analysis (55N31) Global geometric and topological methods (à la Gromov); differential geometric analysis on metric spaces (53C23) Metric geometry (51F99) Discrete Morse theory and related ideas in manifold topology (57Q70)

Abstract: A metric thickening of a given metric space $X$ is any metric space admitting an isometric embedding of $X$. Thickenings have found use in applications of topology to data analysis, where one may approximate the shape of a dataset via the persistent homology of an increasing sequence of spaces. We introduce two new families of metric thickenings, the $p$-Vietoris-Rips and $p$-v{C}ech metric thickenings for all $1lepleinfty$, which include all measures on $X$ whose $p$-diameter or $p$-radius is bounded from above, equipped with an optimal transport metric. The $p$-diameter (resp. $p$-radius) of a measure is a certain $el{l}_p$ relaxation of the usual notion of diameter (resp. radius) of a subset of a metric space. These families recover the previously studied Vietoris-Rips and v{C}ech metric thickenings when $p=infty$. As our main contribution, we prove a stability theorem for the persistent homology of $p$-Vietoris-Rips and $p$-v{C}ech metric thickenings, which is novel even in the case $p=infty$. In the specific case $p=2$, we prove a Hausmann-type theorem for thickenings of manifolds, and we derive the complete list of homotopy types of the $2$-Vietoris-Rips thickenings of the $n$-sphere as the scale increases.

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