The Morse equation in the Conley index theory for discrete multivalued dynamical systems

DOI10.1007/S10884-022-10136-3MaRDI QIDQ6132897zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Bogdan Batko

Publication date 17 August 2023

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.00152

zbMATH Keywords

attractorConley indexdiscrete multivalued dynamical systemindex pairinvariant setisolating neighborhoodMorse decompositionMorse equationMorse inequalitiesrepellerweak index pair

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Index theory for dynamical systems, Morse-Conley indices (37B30) Gradient-like behavior; isolated (locally maximal) invariant sets; attractors, repellers for topological dynamical systems (37B35) Time series analysis of dynamical systems (37M10) Set-valued maps in general topology (54C60)

Abstract: A recent generalization of the Conley index to discrete multivalued dynamical systems without a continuous selector is motivated by applications to data-driven dynamics. In the present paper we continue the program by studying attractor-repeller pairs and Morse decompositions in this setting. In particular, we prove Morse equation and Morse inequalities.

Review text

The author presents a generalization of Morse equations to discrete multivalued dynamical systems. It builds on previous works which defined the Conley index in this setting. Throughout the paper the multivalued map \(F \colon X \to X\) is assumed to be upper semicontinuous. Preliminaries on Conley index theory are given, notably the definition of weak index pairs from whose cohomology the (cohomological) Conley index in this setting is obtained (via the Leray functor). Then, there are some topological results that prove the equivalence between Morse decompositions of an isolated invariant set \(S\) and nested sequences of attractors inside \(S\). In order to prove the Morse equation for \((A, A^*)\), an attractor-repeller pair in an isolated invariant set \(S\) (see Proposition 5.1), the author introduces the notion of the index triple \((P_0,P_1,P_2)\). This is a triple of compact subsets in an isolating neighborhood of \(S\) which can be used to compute the Conley index of \(A\), \(A^*\) and \(S\) (in a similar fashion as in [\textit{M. Mrozek}, Topology Appl. 38, 45--60 (1991; Zbl 0725.58022)]). The proof of the Morse equation for an attractor-repeller pair and the Morse equation associated to a Morse decomposition (given in Theorem 5.2) goes along the same lines as for single-valued maps.

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Cited in

(3)

• Conley index over the base morphism for multivalued discrete dynamical systems
• Weak Index Pairs and the Conley Index for Discrete Multivalued Dynamical Systems. Part II: Properties of the Index
• Conley index for multivalued maps on finite topological spaces

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