Energy formula, surface geometry and energy extraction for Kerr-Sen black hole

DOI10.1007/S10714-023-03065-ZzbMATH Open1528.83082arXiv2112.01329OpenAlexW4318344570MaRDI QIDQ6132915FDOQ6132915

Publication date: 15 July 2023

Published in: General Relativity and Gravitation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We evaluate the emph{surface energy~(

{c a l E}_{s}^{p m}

), rotational energy~(

{c a l E}_{r}^{p m}

) and electromagnetic energy~(

{c a l E}_{e m}^{p m}

)} for a emph{Kerr-Sen black hole~(BH)} having the event horizon~(

{c a l H}^{+}

) and the Cauchy horizon~(

{c a l H}^{-}

). Interestingly, we find that the emph{sum of these three energies is equal to the mass parameter i.e.

{c a l E}_{s}^{p m} + {c a l E}_{r}^{p m} + {c a l E}_{e m}^{p m} = c a l M

}. Moreover in terms of the emph{ scale parameter ~

(z e t a_{p m})

, the distortion parameter~(

x i_{p m}

) and a new parameter~

(s i g m a_{p m})

} which corresponds to the area~(

{c a l A}_{p m}

), the angular momentum ~

(J)

and the charge parameter~(

Q

), we find that the emph{mass parameter in a compact form}

{c a l E}_{s}^{p m} + {c a l E}_{r}^{p m} + {c a l E}_{e m}^{p m} = c a l M = f r a c z e t a_{p m} 2 s q r t f r a c 1 + 2, s i g m a_{p m}^{2} 1 - x i_{p m}^{2}

%�egin{eqnarray} %{cal E}_{s}^{pm}+{cal E}_{r}^{pm}+{cal E}_{em}^{pm}={cal M} =frac{zeta_{pm} }{2} %sqrt{frac{1+2,sigma_{pm}^2}{1-xi_{pm}^2}} onumber %end{eqnarray} which is valid {through all the horizons} (

{c a l H}^{p m}

). We also compute the emph{equatorial circumference and polar circumference} which is a gross measure of the BH surface deformation. It is shown that when the spinning rate of the BH increases, the emph{equatorial circumference increases} while the emph{polar circumference decreases}. Furthermore, we compute the exact expression of emph{rotational energy that should be extracted from the BH via the Penrose process}. The maximum value of rotational energy which is extractable should occur for emph{extremal Kerr-Sen BH} i.e.

{c a l E}_{r}^{+} % = l e f t (f r a c s q r t 2 - 1 2 i g h t) s q r t 2 {c a l M}^{2} - Q^{2} = l e f t (s q r t 2 - 1 i g h t) s q r t f r a c J 2

.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.01329

zbMATH Keywords

surface energy electromagnetic energy Kerr-Sen black hole rotational energy equatorial circumference polar circumference

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17) Critical points of functionals in context of PDEs (e.g., energy functionals) (35B38) Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Methods of global Riemannian geometry, including PDE methods; curvature restrictions (53C21) Generalized coordinates; event, impulse-energy, configuration, state, or phase space for problems in mechanics (70G10) Electromagnetic theory (general) (78A25) Black holes (83C57) Motion of the gyroscope (70E05)

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