Balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers which are concatenation of three repdigits
Let \((B_n)_{n\geq 0}\) be sequence A001109 and \((C_n)_{n\geq 0}\) be sequence A001541 in OEIS. Both sequences have the same characteristic polynomial \(x^2-6x+1\). We have \[B_n=\frac{\alpha^n-\beta^n}{4\sqrt{2}}\mbox{ and }C_n=\frac{\alpha^n+\beta^n}{2}\] for all \(n\geq0\), where \(\alpha=3+2\sqrt{2}\) resp. \(\beta=3-2\sqrt{2}\) are the two characteristic roots. The authors show that \(204\) and \(1189\) are the only elements \(B_n\) which are simultaneously of the form \(a\cdots ab\cdots bc\cdots c\) in base \(10\), where \(a,b,c\) are integers with \(a\in\{1,\ldots,9\},b,c\in\{0,1,\ldots,9\}, a\neq b, b\neq c\) and where at least one digit \(a,b\) and \(c\) is present (i.e., \(B_n\) is the concatenation of three repdigits). Furthermore, the authors show that \(3363\) is the only element \(C_n\) that is the concatenation of three repdigits. The proofs are rather standard and use linear forms in logs and reduction methods.
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