Solving Turán's tetrahedron problem for the ℓ2\ell _2‐norm

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Abstract: Tur'an's famous tetrahedron problem is to compute the Tur'an density of the tetrahedron K43. This is equivalent to determining the maximum ell1-norm of the codegree vector of a K43-free n-vertex 3-uniform hypergraph. We introduce a new way for measuring extremality of hypergraphs and determine asymptotically the extremal function of the tetrahedron in our notion. The codegree squared sum, extco2(G), of a 3-uniform hypergraph G is the sum of codegrees squared d(x,y)2 over all pairs of vertices xy, or in other words, the square of the ell2-norm of the codegree vector of the pairs of vertices. We define extexco2(n,H) to be the maximum extco2(G) over all H-free n-vertex 3-uniform hypergraphs G. We use flag algebra computations to determine asymptotically the codegree squared extremal number for K43 and K53 and additionally prove stability results. In particular, we prove that the extremal K43-free hypergraphs in ell2-norm have approximately the same structure as one of the conjectured extremal hypergraphs for Tur'an's conjecture. Further, we prove several general properties about extexco2(n,H) including the existence of a scaled limit, blow-up invariance and a supersaturation result.



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