On the global wellposedness of free boundary problem for the Navier-Stokes system with surface tension

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2023.11.020arXiv1912.10121MaRDI QIDQ6137770FDOQ6137770

Hirokazu Saito, Yoshihiro Shibata

Publication date: 16 January 2024

Published in: Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show the global wellposedness of the Navier-Stokes equations, including surface tension and gravity, with a free surface in an unbounded domain such as bottomless ocean. In addition, it is proved that the solution decays polynomially as time $t$ tends to infinity. To show these results, we first use the Hanzawa transformation in order to reduce the problem in a time-dependent domain $Omeg{a}_{t}subsetmathbf{R}^3$, $t>0$, to a problem in the lower half-space $mathbf{R}_{-}^3$. We then establish some time-weighted estimate of solutions, in an $L_p$-in-time and $L_q$-in-space setting, for the linearized problem around the trivial steady state with the help of $L_{r}ext-L_s$ time decay estimates of semigroup. Next, the time-weighted estimate, combined with the contraction mapping principle, shows that the transformed problem in $mathbf{R}_{-}^3$ admits a global-in-time solution in the $L_{p}ext-L_q$ setting and that the solution decays polynomially as time $t$ tends to infinity under the assumption that $p$, $q$ satisfy the conditions: $2<p<infty$, $3<q<16/5$, and $(2/p)+(3/q)<1$. Finally, we apply the inverse transformation of Hanzawa's one to the solution in $mathbf{R}_{-}^3$ to prove our main results mentioned above for the original problem in $Omeg{a}_t$. Here we want to emphasize that it is not allowed to take $p=q$ in the above assumption about $p$, $q$, which means that the different exponents $p$, $q$ of $L_{p}ext-L_q$ setting play an essential role in our approach.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.10121

zbMATH Keywords

free boundary problemlarge-time behaviorNavier-Stokes equationssurface tensionglobal wellposedness

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35)

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