Stable approximation of Helmholtz solutions in the disk by evanescent plane waves

DOI10.1051/M2AN/2023081MaRDI QIDQ6141035zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Emile Parolin, Daan Huybrechs, Andrea Moiola

Publication date 22 January 2024

Published in ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.05658

zbMATH Keywords

Helmholtz equationplane wavesreproducing kernel Hilbert spacesTrefftz method

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Hilbert spaces with reproducing kernels (= (proper) functional Hilbert spaces, including de Branges-Rovnyak and other structured spaces) (46E22)

Abstract: Solutions of the Helmholtz equation are known to be well approximated by superpositions of propagative plane waves. This observation is the foundation of successful Trefftz methods. However, when too many plane waves are used, the computation of the expansion is known to be numerically unstable. We prove that exponentially large coefficients in the expansion are unavoidable and we explain how this causes instability. In this work, we show that the Helmholtz solutions on a disk can be exactly represented by a continuous superposition of evanescent plane waves, generalizing the standard Herglotz representation. Here, by evanescent plane waves, we mean exponential plane waves with complex-valued propagation vector, whose absolute value decays exponentially in one direction. In addition, the density in this representation is proved to be uniformly bounded in a suitable weighted Lebesgue norm, hence overcoming the instability observed with propagative plane waves and paving the way for stable discrete expansions. In view of practical implementations, discretization strategies are investigated. We construct suitable finite-dimensional sets of evanescent plane waves using sampling strategies in a parametric domain. Provided one uses sufficient oversampling and regularization, numerical experiments show that the resulting approximations are both controllably accurate and numerically stable.

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Cited in

(10)

• Optimal sampling for least-squares approximation
• A method of fundamental solutions for large-scale 3D elastance and mobility problems
• Stable approximation of Helmholtz solutions in the 3D ball using evanescent plane waves
• Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin approximation of an acoustic waveguide
• A hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method with transmission variables for time-harmonic acoustic problems in heterogeneous media
• A discontinuous plane wave neural network method for Helmholtz equation and time-harmonic Maxwell's equations
• Accurate close interactions of Stokes spheres using lubrication-adapted image systems
• Trefftz DG Approximation of the T-Matrix for Scattering by Periodic Layered Structures
• Adaptive local representations for Helmholtz Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin methods
• A quasi-Trefftz method based on local polynomial impedance boundary conditions for time-harmonic wave propagation problems

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