Prime number theorem for analytic skew products

Abstract: We establish a prime number theorem for all uniquely ergodic, analytic skew products on the

2

-torus

m a t h b b T^{2}

. More precisely, for every irrational

a l p h a

and every

1

-periodic real analytic

g : m a t h b b R o m a t h b b R

of zero mean, let

T_{a l p h a, g} : m a t h b b T^{2} i g h t a r r o w m a t h b b T^{2}

be defined by

(x, y) m a p s t o (x + a l p h a, y + g (x))

. We prove that if

T_{a l p h a, g}

is uniquely ergodic then, for every

(x, y) i n m a t h b b T^{2}

, the sequence

T_{a l p h a, g}^{p} (x, y)

is equidistributed on

m a t h b b T^{2}

as

p

traverses prime numbers. This is the first example of a class of natural, non-algebraic and smooth dynamical systems for which a prime number theorem holds. We also show that such a prime number theorem does not necessarily hold if

g

is only continuous on

m a t h b b T^{2}

.

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