Refinement of Hélein's conjecture on boundedness of conformal factors when n = 3

DOI10.1007/S10231-023-01302-5zbMATH Open1526.53060arXiv2010.15017OpenAlexW4318457248WikidataQ123029624 ScholiaQ123029624MaRDI QIDQ6156101FDOQ6156101

Authors: P. I. Plotnikov, John F. Toland 

Publication date: 12 June 2023

Published in: Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For smooth mappings of the unit disc into the oriented Grassmannian manifold $mathbb{G}_{n,2}$, H'elein (2002) conjectured the global existence of Coulomb frames with bounded conformal factor provided the integral of $$, the squared-length of the second fundamental form, is less than $gamm{a}_n=8pi$. It has since been shown that the optimal bounds on the integral of $$ that guarantee this result are: $gamm{a}_3=8pi$ and $gamm{a}_n=4pi$ for $ngeq4$. For isothermal immersions, this hypothesis is equivalent to saying the integral of the sum of the squares of the principal curvatures is less than $gamm{a}_n$. The goal here is to prove that when $n=3$ the same conclusion holds under weaker hypotheses. In particular, it holds for isothermal immersions when $$ is square-integrable and the integral of $|K|$, $K$ the Gauss curvature, is less than $4pi$. Since $$ this implies the known result for isothermal immersions, but $|K|$ may be small when $$ is large. That the result under the weaker hypothesis is sharp is shown by Enneper's surface and stereographic projections. The method, which is purely analytic, is then extended to investigate the case when the length of the second fundamental form is square-integrable.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.15017

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zbMATH Keywords

conformal factorgeometric measure theoryWillmore energymoving frameisothermal immersion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Harmonic maps, etc. (58E20) Surfaces in Euclidean and related spaces (53A05) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15) Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42) Geometric measure and integration theory, integral and normal currents in optimization (49Q15) Applications of PDEs on manifolds (58J90) General theory of differentiable manifolds (58A99)

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