Quark and lepton hierarchies from S₄^ modular flavor symmetry

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2023.137977MaRDI QIDQ6156482zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yoshihiko Abe, Tetsutaro Higaki, Junichiro Kawamura, Tatsuo Kobayashi

Publication date 13 June 2023

Published in Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.11183

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of Lie groups to the sciences; explicit representations (22E70) Fixed points and periodic points of dynamical systems; fixed-point index theory; local dynamics (37C25) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) Weak interaction in quantum theory (81V15) Hierarchical systems (93A13) Modular spaces (46A80)

Abstract: We propose models in which the hierarchical structures of the masses and mixing in both quark and lepton sectors are explained by the $S_4^{p}rime$ modular flavor symmetry near the fixed point $ausimiinfty$. The model provides the first explicit example which explains hierarchies of both quarks and leptons. The hierarchies are realized by powers of $epsilon=e^{2piiau/4}=mathcalO(0.01)$ and $2,mathrmIm,ausim5$, where $au$ being the modulus. The small parameter $epsilon$ plays a role of flavon in the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism under the residual $Z_4^T$ symmetry, and powers of $2,mathrmIm,au$ in the Yukawa couplings are controlled by modular weights via the canonical normalization. The doublet quarks are identified to a $S_4^{p}rime$ triplet to explain the hierarchical structure of the quark mixing angles, while the doublet leptons are composed of three singlets for the large mixing angles in the lepton sector. We show that the $S_4^{p}rime$ modular symmetry alone can explain the hierarchies in both quark and lepton sectors by $mathcalO(1)$ coefficients.

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Cited in

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