Prime power residue and linear coverings of vector space over F_q

DOI10.1016/J.FFA.2023.102199MaRDI QIDQ6156909zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bhawesh Mishra

Publication date 19 June 2023

Published in Finite Fields and their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.01856

zbMATH Keywords

prime power modulo almost every primeprime power residues

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems (11A07) Power residues, reciprocity (11A15) Finite fields and commutative rings (number-theoretic aspects) (11T99)

Abstract: Let $q$ be an odd prime and $B={b_j}_{j=1}^l$ be a finite set of nonzero integers that does not contain a perfect $q^{th}$ power. We show that $B$ has a $q^{th}$ power modulo every prime $peqq$ and not dividing $pro{d}_{binB}b$ if and only if $B$ corrresponds to a linear hyperplane covering of $mathbb{F}_q^k$. Here, $k$ is the number of distinct prime factors of the $q$-free part of elements of $B$. Consequently: $(i)$ a set $BsubsetmathbbZsetminus0$ with cardinality less than $q+1$ cannot have a $q^{th}$ power modulo almost every prime unless it contains a perfect $q^{th}$ power and $(ii)$ For every set $B={b_j}_{j=1}^{l}subsetmathbbZsetminus0$ and for every $$ the set $B$ contains a $q^{th}$ power modulo every prime $peqq$ and not dividing $pro{d}_{j=1}^l$ if and only if the set ${b_j^{c_j}}_{j=1}^l$ does so.

Review text

Let \(q\) be an odd prime. The paper studies necessary and sufficient conditions under which a finite set \(B\) of nonzero integers that does not contain a perfect \(q\) power contains a \(q\) power modulo \(p\) for all but finitely many primes \(p\). The main result is that the set \(B\) has the above property if and only if \(B\) corresponds to a linear hyperplane covering of \({\mathbb F}_q^k\). Here, \(k\) is the number of prime factors involved in the \(q\)-free parts of the elements of \(B\). Consequently, a set \(B\subset {\mathbb Z}\backslash \{0\}\) of cardinality less that \(q+1\) cannot contain a \(q\)th power modulo \(p\) for almost all primes \(p\) unless it already contains a perfect \(q\) power. Furthermore, for every set of \(l\) nonzero integers \(B=\{b_j, 1\le j\le l\}\) and vector of \(l\) nonzero exponents modulo \(q\), \(\mathbf{c}:=(c_j)_{j=1}^l\in ({\mathbb Z}_q\backslash \{0\})^l\), the set \(B\) has the above property for almost all primes \(p\) if and only if the set \(B^{\mathbf c}:=\{b_j^{c_j}, 1\le j\le l\}\) has the same property. The proofs use the Chebotarev density theorem and linear algebra.

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Cites work

• Arithmetical properties of value sets of polynomials
• Covering numbers in linear algebra
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4139827 (Why is no real title available?)
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• On power residues
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Cited in

(5)

• On sets which contain a qth power residue for almost all prime modules
• Almost No Finite Subset of Integers Contains a $q^{th}$ Power Modulo Almost Every Prime
• Prime power residues and blocking sets
• Blocking sets and power residues modulo integers with bounded number of prime factors
• A generalization of the Grunwald-Wang theorem for nth powers

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