Hierarchical dimensional crossover of an optically-trapped quantum gas with disorder

Abstract: Dimensionality serves as an indispensable ingredient in any attempt to formulate the low-dimensional physics, and studying the dimensional crossover at a fundamental level is challenging. The purpose of this work is to study the hierarchical dimensional crossovers, namely the crossover from three dimensions (3D) to quasi-2D and then to 1D. Our system consists of a 3D Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in an anisotropic 2D optical lattice characterized by the lattice depths

V_{1}

along the

x

direction and

V_{2}

along the

y

direction, respectively, where the hierarchical dimensional crossover is controlled via

V_{1}

and

V_{2}

. We analytically derive the ground-state energy, quantum depletion and the superfluid density of the system. Our results demonstrate the 3D-quasi-2D-1D dimensional crossovers in the behavior of quantum fluctuations. Conditions for possible experimental realization of our scenario are also discussed.

Cites work

A Soluble Problem in Energy Bands

Cited in

(1)

Dimensional crossover of a Rabi-coupled two-component Bose–Einstein condensate in an optical lattice

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