Deformation conjecture: deforming lower dimensional integrable systems to higher dimensional ones by using conservation laws

DOI10.1007/JHEP03(2023)018arXiv2211.06844WikidataQ123348535 ScholiaQ123348535MaRDI QIDQ6158511FDOQ6158511

Authors: Sen-Yue Lou, Xiazhi Hao, Man Jia 

Publication date: 31 May 2023

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Utilizing some conservation laws of (1+1)-dimensional integrable local evolution systems, it is conjectured that higher dimensional integrable equations may be regularly constructed by a deformation algorithm. The algorithm can be applied to Lax pairs and higher order flows. In other words, if the original lower dimensional model is Lax integrable (possesses Lax pairs) and symmetry integrable (possesses infinitely many higher order symmetries), then the deformed higher order systems are also Lax integrable and symmetry integrable. For concreteness, the deformation algorithm is applied to the usual (1+1)-dimensional KdV equation and the (1+1)-dimensional AKNS system (including nonlinear NLS equation as a special example). It is interesting that the deformed (3+1)-dimensional KdV equation is also an extension of the (1+1)-dimensional Harry-Dym (HD) type equations which are reciprocal links of the (1+1)-dimensional KdV equation. The Lax pairs of the (3+1)-dimensional KdV-HD system and the (2+1)-dimensional AKNS system are explicitly given. The higher order symmetries, i.e., the whole (3+1)-dimensional KdV-HD hierarchy, are also explicitly obtained via the deformation algorithm. The single soliton solution of the (3+1)-dimensional KdV-HD equation is implicitly given. Because of the effects of the deformation, the symmetric soliton shape of the usual KdV equation is no longer conserved and deformed to be asymmetric and/or multi-valued. The deformation conjecture is correct for almost all the known (1+1)-dimensional integrable local evolution systems and we have not yet found any counter-example so far. The introduction of a large number of (D+1)-dimensional integrable systems of this paper explores a serious challenge to all mathematicians and theoretical physicists because the traditional methods are no longer directly valid to solve these integrable equations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06844

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zbMATH Keywords

integrable hierarchiesintegrable field theories

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

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Cited In (11)

• Dynamics of nonlinear time fractional equations in shallow water waves
• Symmetry study of a novel integrable supersymmetric dispersionless system
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• The commutative property of reciprocal transformations and dimensional deformations
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• \((3+1)\)-dimensional Gardner equation deformed from \((1+1)\)-dimensional Gardner equation and its conservation laws
• Multiple Lax integrable higher dimensional AKNS(-1) equations and sine-Gordon equations

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