Subelliptic wave equations are never observable

DOI10.2140/APDE.2023.16.643MaRDI QIDQ6168311zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Cyril Letrouit

Publication date 10 July 2023

Published in Analysis \& PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.01259

zbMATH Keywords

observabilitysub-Riemanniansubellipticwave equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nilpotent and solvable Lie groups (22E25) Hypoelliptic equations (35H10) Subelliptic equations (35H20) Wave equation (35L05) Pseudodifferential operators as generalizations of partial differential operators (35S05) Geometric optics (78A05) Controllability (93B05) Observability (93B07)

Abstract: It is well-known that observability (and, by duality, controllability) of the elliptic wave equation, i.e., with a Riemannian Laplacian, in time $T_0$ is almost equivalent to the Geometric Control Condition (GCC), which stipulates that any geodesic ray meets the control set within time $T_0$. We show that in the subelliptic setting, GCC is never verified, and that subelliptic wave equations are never observable in finite time. More precisely, given any subelliptic Laplacian $Delta=-su{m}_{i=1}^m{X}_i^{\ast }{X}_i$ on a manifold $M$, and any measurable subset $omegasubsetM$ such that $$ contains in its interior a point $q$ with $[X_i,X_j](q)otinextSpan(X_1,ldots,X_m)$ for some $1leqi,jleqm$, we show that for any $T_0>0$, the wave equation with subelliptic Laplacian $Delta$ is not observable on $omega$ in time $T_0$. The proof is based on the construction of sequences of solutions of the wave equation concentrating on geodesics (for the associated sub-Riemannian distance) spending a long time in $$. As a counterpart, we prove a positive result of observability for the wave equation in the Heisenberg group, where the observation set is a well-chosen part of the phase space.

Recommendations

• Geometric control condition for the wave equation with a time-dependent observation domain
• Observability properties of the homogeneous wave equation on a closed manifold
• Geometric and probabilistic results for the observability of the wave equation
• Uniform observability estimates for linear waves

Cites work

• A comprehensive introduction to sub-Riemannian geometry. From the Hamiltonian viewpoint. With an appendix by Igor Zelenko
• Control of nonholonomic systems: from sub-Riemannian geometry to motion planning
• Control of the Grushin equation: non-rectangular control region and minimal time
• Geometric control condition for the wave equation with a time-dependent observation domain
• H-measures, a new approach for studying homogenisation, oscillations and concentration effects in partial differential equations
• Heat equation on the Heisenberg group: observability and applications
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3846088 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 30263 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 193185 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1908080 (Why is no real title available?)
• Hypoelliptic second order differential equations
• Microlocal Analysis, Sharp Spectral Asymptotics and Applications I
• Minimal time issues for the observability of Grushin-type equations
• Non-null-controllability of the Grushin operator in 2D
• Null controllability of Grushin-type operators in dimension two
• OBSERVABILITY OF BAOUENDI–GRUSHIN-TYPE EQUATIONS THROUGH RESOLVENT ESTIMATES
• On Carnot-Caratheodory metrics
• On the subanalyticity of Carnot-Carathéodory distances
• One-Parameter Semigroups for Linear Evolution Equations
• Propagation des Singularites Pour des Equations Hyperboliques a Caracteristique de Multiplicite au Plus Double et Singularites Masloviennes
• Resolvent conditions for the control of unitary groups and their approximations
• Sharp Sufficient Conditions for the Observation, Control, and Stabilization of Waves from the Boundary
• Spectral asymptotics for sub-Riemannian Laplacians. I: Quantum ergodicity and quantum limits in the 3-dimensional contact case
• Sub-Riemannian geometry
• The analysis of linear partial differential operators. III: Pseudo-differential operators
• Time optimal observability for Grushin Schrödinger equation
• Wave equation for sums of squares on compact Lie groups

Cited in

(1)

• Null-controllability properties of the generalized two-dimensional Baouendi-Grushin equation with non-rectangular control sets

This page was built for publication: Subelliptic wave equations are never observable

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q6168311)