Large nearest neighbour balls in hyperbolic stochastic geometry
In this paper, the authors are interested in quantitative limit theorems for so-called large \(k\)th nearest neighbour balls. It is a kind of a classical stochastic geometry model. In particular, nearest neighbour balls (that is, \(k\)th nearest neighbour balls with \(k = 1\)) can be regarded as spatial analogues of the concept of spacings in dimension one. In its simplest form the model can be described via the independent random points which are uniformly distributed on the \(d\)-dimensional unit cube and the number of exceedances of volumes of the \(k\)th nearest neighbour balls that are larger than the selected threshold. The authors introduce and study a similar model in a \(d\)-dimensional hyperbolic space \(\mathbb{H}^d\) of constant negative curvature that equals \(-1\). The paper can be understood as a first attempt in the direction of the study of extreme values in hyperbolic stochastic geometry. The authors start with a stationary Poisson process in \(\mathbb{H}^d\) and look at large \(k\)th nearest neighbour balls associated with points in a family of hyperbolic balls of radius that tends to infinity. Up to a rescaling, in a Euclidean space this set-up is the same as fixing the radius of the ball and increasing the intensity of the Poisson process (or equivalently the number of points). However, this is no more the case in a hyperbolic space. Even more, since the problem in this form cannot locally be approximated by Euclidean models in tangent spaces, the authors arrive at results which are of a different nature and `feel' the negative curvature of the underlying space. Roughly speaking, a stationary Poisson process in a \(d\)-dimensional hyperbolic space is considered, and for \(R > 0\) the point process of exceedance heights over a suitable threshold of the hyperbolic volumes of \(k\)th nearest neighbour balls centred around the points of the Poisson process within a hyperbolic ball of radius \(R\) centred at a fixed point, is defined. The point process is compared to an inhomogeneous Poisson process on the real line with intensity function \(e^{-u}\) and point process convergence in the Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance is shown. From this, a quantitative limit theorem for the hyperbolic maximum \(k\)th nearest neighbour ball with a limiting Gumbel distribution is derived.
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