On higher dimensional extremal varieties of general type

DOI10.2969/JMSJ/88668866MaRDI QIDQ6178199zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Purnaprajna Bangere, Jungkai A. Chen, Francisco Javier Gallego

Publication date 1 September 2023

Published in Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03411, https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-the-mathematical-society-of-japan/volume-75/issue-3/On-higher-dimensional-extremal-varieties-of-general-type/10.2969/jmsj/88668866.full

zbMATH Keywords

Calabi Yau varieties canonical singularities deformations Fano varieties fundamental groups moduli projective normality varieties of general type

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory (14J10) Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17) Surfaces of general type (14J29) Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32) (n)-folds ((n>4)) (14J40) Fano varieties (14J45)

Abstract: Relations among fundamental invariants play an important role in algebraic geometry. It is known that an

n

-dimensional variety of general type with nef canonical divisor and canonical singularities, whose image

Y

under the canonical map is of maximal dimension, satisfies

K_{X}^{n} g e 2 (p_{g} - n)

. We investigate the very interesting extremal situation

K_{X}^{n} = 2 (p_{g} - n)

, which appears in a number of geometric situations. Since these extremal varieties are natural higher dimensional analogues of Horikawa surfaces, we name them Horikawa varieties. These varieties have been previously dealt with inthe works of Fujita and Kobayashi. We carry out further studies of Horikawa varieties, proving new results on various geometric and topological issues concerning them. In particular, we prove that the geometric genus of those Horikawa varieties whose image under the canonical map is singular is bounded. We give an analogous result for polarized hyperelliptic subcanonical varieties, in particular, for polarized Calabi-Yau and Fano varieties. The pleasing numerology that emerges puts Horikawa's result on surfaces in a broader perspective. We obtain a structure theorem for Horikawa varieties and explore their pluriregularity. We use this to prove optimal results on projective normality of pluricanonical linear systems. We study the fundamental groups of Horikawa varieties, showing that they are simply connected, even if

Y

is singular. We also prove results on deformations of Horikawa varieties, whose implications on the moduli space make them the higher dimensional analogue of curves of genus

2

.

Review text

\textit{T. Fujita} [J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I A 22, 103--115 (1975; Zbl 0333.14004)] and \textit{M. Kobayashi} [J. Math. Soc. Japan 44, No. 1, 145--156 (1992; Zbl 0766.14033), Theorem 2.4] proved that an \(n\)-dimensional variety of general type whose image of its canonical map is of maximal dimension, satisfies \(\mathrm{Vol}\ge 2(pg-n)\), which is a generalisation of Noether's inequality for surfaces of general type. In this article, the authors investigate the extremal varieties which lie on the line \(\mathrm{Vol} = 2(pg-n)\). These varieties are called Horikawa varieties, which are the higher dimensional analogues of Horikawa surfaces. The authors give a structure theorem for Horikawa varieties and investigate the pluriregularity. They prove the projective normality of the pluricanonical linear system. They also show that Horikawa varieties are simply connected. Moreover, they consider the deformations of Horikawa varieties. Furthermore, they show that when the canonical image of a Horikawa variety of dimension \(n\) is singular, its geometric genus is bounded by \(n+4\).

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