Weight systems and invariants of graphs and embedded graphs

DOI10.4213/RM10054EzbMATH Open1520.05048arXiv2302.12153OpenAlexW4381306139MaRDI QIDQ6178263FDOQ6178263

Authors: M. È. Kazaryan, S. Lando 

Publication date: 1 September 2023

Published in: Russian Mathematical Surveys (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We describe recent achievements in the theory of weight systems, which are functions on chord diagrams satisfying so-called $4$-term relations. Our main attention is devoted to constructions of weight systems. The two main sources of these constructions that are discussed in the paper are invariants of intersection graphs of chord diagrams that satisfy $4$-term relations for graphs and metrized Lie algebras. For the simplest nontrivial metrized Lie algebra $mathfraksl(2)$, we present recent results about the explicit form of generating functions for the values of the corresponding weight system on important families of chord diagrams. We also explain another recent result: construction of recurrence relations for computing the values of the $mathfrakgl(N)$-weight system. These relations are based on M. Kazarian's extension of the $mathfrakgl(N)$-weight system to arbitrary permutations. Certain recent papers suggest an approach to extending weight systems and graph invariants to arbitrary embedded graphs, which is based on the study of the corresponding Hopf algebra structures; we describe this approach. Weight systems defined on arbitrary embedded graphs correspond to finite type invariants of links (multicomponent knots).

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12153

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zbMATH Keywords

graph invariantHopf algebraLie algebraembedded graphweight systemdelta-matroidknot and link invariant

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graph polynomials (05C31) Isomorphism problems in graph theory (reconstruction conjecture, etc.) and homomorphisms (subgraph embedding, etc.) (05C60) Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Combinatorial aspects of matroids and geometric lattices (05B35) Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25) Hopf algebras and their applications (16T05) Connections of Hopf algebras with combinatorics (16T30) Structure theory for Lie algebras and superalgebras (17B05)

Cited In (12)

• On the Lie superalgebra \(\mathfrak{gl}(m | n)\) weight system
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• On Weight Systems Derived from Heisenberg Lie Algebras
• Some formulas in \({\mathfrak {sl}}_3\) weight systems
• On the primitive subspace of Lando framed graph bialgebra
• New approaches to $\mathfrak{gl}_N$ weight system
• Independent systems of representatives in weighted graphs
• WEIGHT SYSTEMS FOR MILNOR INVARIANTS
• A Diagrammatic Construction of the (sl(N,C),ρ)-Weight System
• Connection matrices and Lie algebra weight systems for multiloop chord diagrams
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• On Lie algebra weight systems for 3-graphs

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