Partial regularity for Navier-Stokes and liquid crystals inequalities without maximum principle

DOI10.2140/APDE.2023.16.1701OpenAlexW2998971761MaRDI QIDQ6185902FDOQ6185902

Authors Gabriel S. Koch

Publication date 9 January 2024

Published in Analysis \& PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04098

zbMATH Keywords

Navier-Stokesliquid crystalspartial regularity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Liquid crystals (76A15) Singularity in context of PDEs (35A21) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Statistical mechanics of random media, disordered materials (including liquid crystals and spin glasses) (82D30) Systems of nonlinear higher-order PDEs (35G50)

Abstract: In 1985, V. Scheffer discussed partial regularity results for what he called solutions to the "Navier-Stokes inequality". These maps essentially satisfy the incompressibility condition as well as the local and global energy inequalities and the pressure equation which may be derived formally from the Navier-Stokes system of equations, but they are not required to satisfy the Navier-Stokes system itself. We extend this notion to a system considered by Fang-Hua Lin and Chun Liu in the mid 1990s related to models of the flow of nematic liquid crystals, which include the Navier-Stokes system when the "director field" $d$ is taken to be zero. In addition to an extended Navier-Stokes system, the Lin-Liu model includes a further parabolic system which implies an a priori maximum principle for $d$ which they use to establish partial regularity (specifically, $mathcal{P}^1(mathcalS)=0$) of solutions. For the analogous "inequality" one loses this maximum principle, but here we nonetheless establish certain partial regularity results (namely $mathcal{P}^{frac92+delta}(mathcalS)=0$, so that in particular the putative singular set $mathcalS$ has space-time Lebesgue measure zero). Under an additional assumption on $d$ for any fixed value of a certain parameter $sigmain(5,6)$ (which for $sigma=6$ reduces precisely to the boundedness of $d$ used by Lin and Liu), we obtain the same partial regularity ($mathcal{P}^1(mathcalS)=0$) as do Lin and Liu. In particular, we recover the partial regularity result ($mathcal{P}^1(mathcalS)=0$) of Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg (1982) for "suitable weak solutions" of the Navier-Stokes system, and we verify Scheffer's assertion that the same hold for solutions of the weaker "inequality" as well.

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Cited in

(3)

• Parabolic fractal dimension of forward-singularities for Navier-Stokes and liquid crystals inequalities
• \(\varepsilon\)-regularity criteria and the number of singular points for the 3D simplified Ericksen-Leslie system
• The fractal dimension of singularities for liquid crystals inequalities without maximum principle

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