Confinement in QCD and generic Yang-Mills theories with matter representations

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2023.138209MaRDI QIDQ6186502OpenAlexFDO

Authors Marco Frasca, A. Ghoshal, Stefan Groote

Publication date 2 February 2024

Published in Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.14023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX) Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX)

Abstract: We derive the low-energy limit of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and show that in the 't~Hooft limit, i.e. for a very large number of colors and increasing 't Hooft coupling, quark confinement is recovered. The low energy limit of the theory turns out to be a non-local Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. The effect of non-locality, arising from a gluon propagator that fits quite well to the profile of an instanton liquid, is to produce a phase transition from a chiral condensate to an instanton liquid, as the coupling increases with lower momentum. This phase transition suffices to move the poles of the quark propagator to the complex field. As a consequence, free quarks are no longer physical states in the spectrum of the theory.

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