Existence of robust non-uniformly hyperbolic endomorphism in homotopy classes

Abstract: We extend the results of arXiv:2206.08295v2 by showing that any homothety in

m a t h b b T^{2}

is homotopic to a non-uniformly hyperbolic ergodic area preserving map, provided that its degree is at least

5^{2}

. We also address other small topological degree cases not considered in the previous article. This proves the existence of a

m a t h c a l C^{1}

open set of non-uniformly hyperbolic systems, that intersects essentially every homotopy classes in

m a t h b b T^{2}

, where the Lyapunov exponents vary continuously.

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