Another normality is possible. Distributive transformations and emergent Gaussianity

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSA.2023.129450MaRDI QIDQ6196326zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Massimiliano Giona, Chiara Pezzotti, Giuseppe Procopio

Publication date 14 March 2024

Published in Physica A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.03925

zbMATH Keywords

collisionsconservation principlesJüttner distributionnormal distributionstochastic dynamics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX)

Abstract: A distributional route to Gaussianity, associated with the concept of Conservative Mixing Transformations in ensembles of random vector-valued variables, is proposed. This route is completely different from the additive mechanism characterizing the application of Central Limit Theorem, as it is based on the iteration of a random transformation preserving the ensemble variance. Gaussianity emerges as a ``supergeneric property of ensemble statistics, in the case the energy constraint is quadratic in the norm of the variables. This result puts in a different light the occurrence of equilibrium Gaussian distributions in kinetic variables (velocity, momentum), as it shows mathematically that, in the absence of any other dynamic mechanisms, almost Gaussian distributions stems from the low-velocity approximations of the physical conservation principles. Whenever, the energy constraint is not expressed in terms of quadratic functions (as in the relativistic case), the Juttner distribution is recovered from CMT.

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