Cones and ping-pong in three dimensions

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Abstract: We study the hypergeometric group in mGL3(mathbbC) with parameters alpha=(frac14,frac12,frac34) and . We give a new proof that this group is isomorphic to the free product mathbbZ/4mathbbZ∗mathbbZ/2mathbbZ by exhibiting a ping-pong table. Our table is determined by a simplicial cone in mathbbR3, and we prove that this is the unique simplicial cone (up to sign) for which our construction produces a valid ping-pong table.


An hypergeometric group is a subgroup of \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathbb{C})\) generated by three matrices \(R, T, U\) such that \(U^{-1}T R = I\), \(U\) and \(R\) have no shared eigenvalues, and \(T-I\) has rank-1. In the paper under review, the authors study the hypergeometric group in \(\mathrm{GL}_{3}(\mathbb{C})\) with parameters \(\alpha= \big (\frac{1}{4},\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{4} \big)\) and \(\beta=\big ( 0,0,0 \big )\). They give a new proof that this group is isomorphic to the free product \(\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}\ast \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\) by exhibiting a ping-pong table.











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