Cosmological coupling of nonsingular black holes

DOI10.1088/1475-7516/2023/11/007arXiv2306.11588MaRDI QIDQ6202568FDOQ6202568

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Publication date: 26 February 2024

Published in: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We show that -- in the framework of general relativity (GR) -- if black holes (BHs) are singularity-free objects, they couple to the large-scale cosmological dynamics. We find that the leading contribution to the resulting growth of the BH mass ($M_{mBH}$) as a function of the scale factor $a$ stems from the curvature term, yielding $M_{mBH}propto{a}^k$, with $k=1$. We demonstrate that such a linear scaling is universal for spherically-symmetric objects, and it is the only contribution in the case of regular BHs. For nonsingular horizonless compact objects we instead obtain an additional subleading model-dependent term. We conclude that GR nonsingular BHs/horizonless compact objects, although cosmologically coupled, are unlikely to be the source of dark energy. We test our prediction with astrophysical data by analysing the redshift dependence of the mass growth of supermassive BHs in a sample of elliptical galaxies at redshift $z=0.8-0.9$. We also compare our theoretical prediction with higher redshift BH mass measurements obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We find that, while $k=1$ is compatible within $2sigma$ with JWST results, the data from elliptical galaxies at $z=0.8-0.9$ favour values of $k>1$. New samples of BHs covering larger mass and redshift ranges and more precise BH mass measurements are required to settle the issue.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.11588

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zbMATH Keywords

black hole thermodynamicsregular black holescosmological black holes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Black holes (83C57) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Cites Work

• Gravitational Collapse and Space-Time Singularities
• Noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole
• The Mass-Particle in an Expanding Universe
• Stability of a vacuum non-singular black hole
• Nonsingular black holes from conformal symmetries
• Lemaître model and cosmic mass
• Can gravitational vacuum condensate stars be a dark energy source?

Cited In (2)

• Quasi-local masses and cosmological coupling of black holes and mimickers
• Cosmological coupling of local gravitational systems

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