Probing and characterizing the growth of a crystal of ultracold bosons and light

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/AA91C3arXiv1710.05577OpenAlexW3177152866WikidataQ58780027 ScholiaQ58780027MaRDI QIDQ6204492FDOQ6204492

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Publication date: 28 March 2024

Published in: New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The non-linear coupled particle light dynamics of an ultracold gas in the field of two independent counter-propagating laser beams can lead to the dynamical formation of a self-ordered lattice structure as presented in Phys. Rev. X 6, 021026 (2016). Here we present new numerical studies on experimentally observable signatures to monitor the growth and properties of such a crystal in real time. While, at least theoretically, optimal non-destructive observation of the growth dynamics and the hallmarks of the crystalline phase can be performed by analyzing the scattered light, monitoring the evolution of the particle's momentum distribution via time-of-flight probing is an experimentally more accessible choice. In this work we show that both approaches allow to unambiguously distinguish the crystal from independent collective scattering as it occurs in matter wave super-radiance. As a clear crystallization signature we identify spatial locking between the two emerging standing laser waves together creating the crystal potential. For sufficiently large systems the system allows reversible adiabatic ramping into the crystalline phase as an alternative to a quench across the phase transition and growth from fluctuations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05577

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) Quantum theory (81-XX) Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX)

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