Complexity in linearly coupled dynamical networks: Some unusual phenomena in energy accumulation

Abstract: This paper addresses the energy accumulation problem, in terms of the

H_{2}

norm, of linearly coupled dynamical networks. An interesting outer-coupling relationship is constructed, under which the

H_{2}

norm of the newly constructed network with column-input and row-output shaped matrices increases exponentially fast with the node number

N

: it increases generally much faster than

2^{N}

when

N

is large while the

H_{2}

norm of each node is 1. However, the

H_{2}

norm of the network with a diffusive coupling is equal to

g a m m a_{2} N

, i.e., increasing linearly, when the network is stable, where

g a m m a_{2}

is the

H_{2}

norm of a single node. And the

H_{2}

norm of the network with antisymmetrical coupling also increases, but rather slowly, with the node number

N

. Other networks with block-diagonal-input and block-diagonal-output matrices behave similarly. It demonstrates that the changes of

H_{2}

norms in different networks are very complicated, despite the fact that the networks are linear. Finally, the influence of the

H_{2}

norm of the locally linearized network on the output of a network with Lur'e nodes is discussed.

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