Fractal Boundaries of Complex Networks

DOI10.1209/0295-5075/84/48004arXiv0804.1968MaRDI QIDQ6209119FDOQ6209119

Authors: Jia Shao, S. V. Buldyrev, Maksim Kitsak, Shlomo Havlin, H. Eugene Stanley 

Publication date: 11 April 2008

Abstract: We introduce the concept of boundaries of a complex network as the set of nodes at distance larger than the mean distance from a given node in the network. We study the statistical properties of the boundaries nodes of complex networks. We find that for both Erd"{o}s-R'{e}nyi and scale-free model networks, as well as for several real networks, the boundaries have fractal properties. In particular, the number of boundaries nodes {it B} follows a power-law probability density function which scales as $B^{-2}$. The clusters formed by the boundary nodes are fractals with a fractal dimension $d_{f}approx2$. We present analytical and numerical evidence supporting these results for a broad class of networks. Our findings imply potential applications for epidemic spreading.

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