Structure of the spaces of matrix monotone functions and of matrix convex functions and Jensen's type inequality for operators

arXiv0805.1996MaRDI QIDQ6209499FDOQ6209499

Authors: Hiroyuki Osaka, Jun Tomiyama 

Publication date: 14 May 2008

Abstract: Let $ninN$ and $M_n$ be the algebra of $nimesn$ matrices. We call a function $f$ matrix monotone of order $n$ or $n$-monotone in short whenever the inequality $f(a)leqf(b)$ holds for every pair of selfadjoint matrices $a,bin{M}_n$ such that $aleqb$ and all eigenvalues of $a$ and $b$ are contained in $I$. Matrix convex (concave) functions on $I$ are similarily defined. The spaces for $n$-monotone functions and $n$-convex functions are written as $P_n(I)$ and $K_n(I)$. In this note we discuss several assertions at each leven $n$ for which we regard themas the problems of double piling structure of those sequences ${P_n(I)}_{ninN}$ and ${K_n(I)}_{ninN}$. In order to see clear insight of the aspect of the problems, however, we choose the following three main assertions among them and discuss their mutual dependence: �egin{enumerate} item[(i)] $f(0)leq0$ and $f$ is $n$-convex in $[0,alpha)$, item[(ii)] For each matrix $a$ with its spectrum in $[0,alpha)$ and a contraction $c$ in the matrix algebra $M_n$, [ f(c^{star}a c)leq c^{star}f(a)c, ] item[(iii)] The functon $g(t)/t$ is $n$-monotone in $(0,alpha)$. end{enumerate} In particular, we show that for any $ninN$ two conditions $(ii)$ and $(iii)$ are equivalent.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Convexity of real functions in one variable, generalizations (26A51) Monotonic functions, generalizations (26A48)

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