Abstract: The origin of the observed dark energy could be explained entirely within the standard model, with no new fields required. We show how the low-energy sector of the chiral QCD Lagrangian, once embedded in a non-trivial spacetime, gives rise to a cosmological vacuum energy density which can be can be presented entirely in terms of QCD parameters and the Hubble constant as . In this work we focus on the dynamics of the ghost fields that are essential ingredients of the aforementioned Lagrangian. In particular, we argue that the Veneziano ghost, being unphysical in the usual Minkowski QFT, becomes a physical degree of freedom if the universe is expanding. As an immediate consequence, all relevant effects are naturally very small as they are proportional to the rate of expansion . The co-existence of these two drastically different scales ( MeV and eV) is a direct consequence of the auxiliary conditions on the physical Hilbert space that are necessary to keep the theory unitary. The exact cancellation taking place in Minkowski space due to this auxiliary condition is slightly violated when the system is upgraded to an expanding background. Nevertheless, this "tiny" effect is in fact the driving force accelerating the universe today. We also derive the time dependent equation of state for the dark energy component which tracks the dynamics of the Veneziano ghost in a FLRW universe. Finally, we comment on how the same physical phenomena can be recovered in Witten's approach to the U(1) problem when the ghost degree of freedom is not even present in the system.
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Cited in
(25)- QCD \(\theta\)-vacua from the chiral limit to the quenched limit
- Dynamical system analysis of interacting models
- Interacting anisotropic ghost dark energy model in \(f(R,T)\) theory of gravity
- Cosmological implications of dark energy models in modified gravity
- Sounds of instability from generalized QCD ghost dark energy
- Cosmological constant from quarks and torsion
- Ghost dark energy with non-linear interaction term
- Cosmological study in loop quantum cosmology through dark energy model
- Generalized ghost version of Pilgrim Dark Energy in loop quantum gravity motivated cosmology
- Can the cosmological dark sector be modeled by a single scalar field?
- A universe with a generalized ghost dark energy and van der Waals fluid interacting with a fluid
- RECONSTRUCTION OF MODIFIED GRAVITY WITH GHOST DARK ENERGY MODELS
- Pilgrim dark energy models in fractal universe
- Edge state quantization: vector fields in Rindler
- Thermodynamic of the ghost dark energy universe
- Tachyon reconstruction of ghost dark energy
- Analysis of generalized ghost dark energy in LQC and Galileon gravity
- Ghost dark energy in \(f(R)\) model of gravity
- The energy density of the quaternionic field as dark energy in the universe
- Interacting ghost dark energy in non-flat universe
- Instability of interacting ghost dark energy model in an anisotropic universe
- Anisotropic cosmology with a dilaton field coupled to ghost dark energy
- Casting light on the ghost
- Is dark matter an illusion created by the gravitational polarization of the quantum vacuum?
- QCD ghost dark energy in RS II braneworld with bulk-brane interaction
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