Linear instability of nonlinear Dirac equation in 1D with higher order nonlinearity

arXiv1203.3859MaRDI QIDQ6231696FDOQ6231696

Authors: A. Comech 

Publication date: 17 March 2012

Abstract: We consider the nonlinear Dirac equation in one dimension, also known as the Soler model in (1+1) dimensions, or the massive Gross-Neveu model: $$, $psi(x,t)in{C}^2$, $xinR$, $fin{C}^{i}nfty(R)$, $m>0$, where $alpha$, $$ are $2imes2$ hermitian matrices which satisfy $$, $$. We study the spectral stability of solitary wave solutions $ph{i}_{o}mega(x)e^{-iomegat}$. More precisely, we study the presence of point eigenvalues in the spectra of linearizations at solitary waves of arbitrarily small amplitude, in the limit $omegaom$. We prove that if $f(s)=s^k+O(s^{k+1})$, $kinN$, with $kge3$, then one positive and one negative eigenvalue are present in the spectrum of linearizations at all solitary waves with $omega$ sufficiently close to $m$. This shows that all solitary waves of sufficiently small amplitude are linearly unstable. The approach is based on applying the Rayleigh-Schr"odinger perturbation theory to the nonrelativistic limit of the equation. The results are in formal agreement with the Vakhitov-Kolokolov stability criterion. Let us mention a similar independent result [Guan-Gustafson] on linear instability for the nonlinear Dirac equation in three dimensions, with cubic nonlinearity (this result is also in formal agreement with the Vakhitov-Kolokolov stability criterion).

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Soliton solutions (35C08) Soliton theory, asymptotic behavior of solutions of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems (37K40) Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) Stability problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K45) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Spectral theory and eigenvalue problems for partial differential equations (35P99)

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